Browse economic indicators, factors, and methodologies used across livestock systems.
| Economic indicator(s) | Livestock category | Main system | Country | Article number | Unified indicator | Subtheme | Positive / negative | Impact (actor) | Multicriteria | Factor/variable | Dimension | Indicator (scale) | Quantitative Data (Y/N) | Qualitative Data(Y/N | Ex-ante/ex-post | Modelling/calculation | Data type | Optimum indicator value | Indicator co-efficient(s) | Unit | Indicator methodology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income over feed costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 7.98 | 6.32 | €/cow day | Partial indicator |
| Milk to feed price ratio | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | Milk to feed price ratio | price | + | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.62 | 1.41 | € | Partial indicator |
| Feed cost per kg of milk | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.18 | 0.21 | €/kg of milk | Partial indicator |
| Income equal feed cost | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | Income equal feed cost | Breakeven point | - | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 13.24 | 15.45 | kg of milk | Partial indicator |
| Money-corrected milk | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | Money-corrected milk | Price | + | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 37.3 | 32.46 | Partial indicator | |
| Bargaining feed price | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | Bargaining feed price | Management | + | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -0.01 | Partial indicator | ||
| Economic efficiency | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4 | 1 | Multivariate factor analysis (PCA) | |
| Breakeven point | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Italy | 1 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | - | Farmer | n | Feed efficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4 | 1 | Multivariate factor analysis (PCA) | |
| Economic inefficiency | Dairy cattle | Various | the Netherlands | 2 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | - | Farmer | y | Social, financial, and management characteristics | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0 | 0.04 | DEA of revenue | |
| Synthetic measure of competitive position | Dairy cattle | Various | France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland | 3 | Synthetic measure of competitive position | Management | + | Farmer | n | Country and scale | profitability (competitiveness) | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.43 | 0.3 | ||
| Profit difference | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Belgium | 4 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Antimicrobial use | profitability | enterprise level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 107 | €/sow | Difference in difference + input-output model | |
| Economic viability | Beef cattle, sheep beef, broilers | Various | Denmark, Romania, France, Spain, Sweden | 5 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | y | Future systems | Durability | farm level | n | y | ante | modelling | - | ||||
| Economic loss (animal health loss envelope) | Broilers | Intensive indoor | - | 6 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0 | 0.155528938591572 | usd/kg chick€n | Production-loss function model |
| Premium payment | All | all | Europe | 7 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Grassland conversion | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 238 | €/ha | ||
| Gross margin | Beef cattle | semi-extensive grazing | Switzerland | 8 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Risk management | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 155636 | 135195 | CHF | Revenue + subsidies - operating costs |
| Gross margin SD | Beef cattle | semi-extensive grazing | Switzerland | 8 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Risk management | Durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 18249 | 28339 | CHF | |
| Gross margin CV | Beef cattle | semi-extensive grazing | Switzerland | 8 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Risk management | Durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.13 | 0.19 | ||
| Economic benefit (decrease in opportunity cost) | Pigs and sheep | Intensive indoor (pigs) + intensive grazing (sheep) | Spain | 9 | Opportunity costs | Costs | + | Farmer | y | circularity | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | -0.3 | -6 | €/pig | - |
| Cost of pasture planting | Pigs and sheep | Intensive indoor (pigs) + intensive grazing (sheep) | Spain | 9 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | circularity | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 20.7 | 38 | €/ewe | - |
| technical efficiency | Dairy cattle | All | Sweden | 10 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Longevity | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1 | 0.89 | Stochastic frontier Analysis | |
| Gross margin (total) | Dairy cattle | All | Sweden | 10 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Longevity | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 254711.074380165 | 94022.6446280992 | € | |
| Total farm profit | Dairy and beef cattle | All | Luxembourg | 11 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | y | Alternatives of economic/environmental optimisation | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 53000 | 48000 | € | Total income less variable costs |
| Farm business resilience | Sheep and goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Italy | 12 | Resilience | Resilience | + | Farmer | y | Scale | durability | farm level | y | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5 | 3.2 | SAFA (FAO) | |
| Net value (gross margin) | Sheep and goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Italy | 12 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Scale | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 166 | 79 | €/LU | ∑R±EUa − ∑K |
| Net market value (gross margin - subsides) | Sheep and goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Italy | 12 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Scale | profitability | farm level | t | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -593 | -960 | €/LU | ∑R±EUa − ∑K - subsidies |
| Total costs/total value | Sheep and goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Italy | 12 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Scale | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.9 | 95.2 | % | |
| Total costs/total market value | Sheep and goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Italy | 12 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Scale | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.61050061050061 | 150 | % | |
| Gross value added | Cattle and sheep | Semi-extensive grazing | France | 13 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | Climatic conditions | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 664 | 605 | €/ha | Revenue (exc subsidies) - variable costs |
| Resilience | Cattle and sheep | Semi-extensive grazing | France | 13 | Resilience | Resilience | + | Farmer | n | Climatic conditions | durability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | panel | - | Gross value added | ||
| Gross margin | Cattle and sheep | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 14 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Plant-based versus animal-based protein | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 2583 | 955.2 | €/ha | Output - diret costs |
| Net margin | Cattle and sheep | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 14 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Plant-based versus animal-based protein | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 1480 | 448.2 | €/ha | Gross margin - overhead costs |
| Taxable income | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Romania | 15 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Foraging alternatives | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 1000.4 | 70.4 | RON/head | Output - direct costs - overheads - amortization - interets |
| Net income | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Romania | 15 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Foraging alternatives | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 112.8 | 63.4 | RON/head | Taxable income - taxes + subsidies |
| Taxable income rate | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Romania | 15 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Foraging alternatives | profitability and durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 22.3 | 14.7 | % | Taxabe income / expenditure |
| Total revenue | Dairy cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Slovenia | 16 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Subsidies policy | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 732000 | 80000 | € | |
| Gross margin | Dairy cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Slovenia | 16 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Subsidies policy | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 3408 | 1400 | €/ha | |
| Budgetary payment over gross margin | Dairy cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Slovenia | 16 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | Subsidies policy | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.17 | 0.58 | % | |
| Gross margin | Dairy cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Slovenia | 16 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Subsidies policy | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 24 | 12 | €/hr | |
| Gross operating surplus to total revenue ratio (operating margin ratio) | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | France | 17 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Environmental and animal welfare performance | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.55 | 0.32 | % | (Total revenue - direct costs - animal purchases - overhead costs)/total revenue |
| Debt to assets ratio | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | France | 17 | Debt to assets ratio | Solvency | - | Farmer | n | Environmental and animal welfare performance | Autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.36 | 0.36 | % | |
| Milk price | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 18 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | y | Country | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 394 | 342 | €/tn | |
| Total operating costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 18 | Intermediate consumption costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Country | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 166 | 249 | €/tn | Direct costs + indirect costs / milk production |
| Depreciation | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 18 | Depreciation costs | Costs | Farmer | y | Country | Durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 98 | 56 | €/tn | ||
| Farm net value added / AWU | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 18 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | Country | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 94312 | 35673 | € | (output - intermediate consumptions + subsidies - taxes - depreciation ) / AWU |
| Subsidies/FNVA | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 18 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | y | Country | Autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.14 | 0.58 | % | |
| Input costs | Beef cattle | Semiextensive grazing | Portugal | 19 | Intermediate consumption costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Characterisation | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 90 | 168 | €/ha | Variable costs + fixed costs (wo wages) |
| Operational result | Beef cattle | Semiextensive grazing | Portugal | 19 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Characterisation | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 690 | 261 | €/ha | Total output (WO subsidies) - variable costs - fixed costs - wages - rent paid |
| Resilience dimension | Beef cattle | Semiextensive grazing | Portugal | 19 | Resilience | Resilience | + | Farmer | y | Characterisation | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2 | 0 | adimensional | Normalization and aggregation of Nitrogen selfsufficiency and input costs |
| Economic dimension | Beef cattle | Semiextensive grazing | Portugal | 19 | Economic aggregated indicator | Income | + | Farmer | y | Characterisation | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2 | 0 | adimensional | Normalization and aggregation of Operational result and total production |
| Feed purchased cost | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Scale | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 11 | 34 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| Feed production cost | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 2.5 | 5.58 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| Livestock costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Livestock costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 3.1 | 6.6 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| General and land expenditure costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Direct costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 2 | 8.3 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| Depreciation costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Depreciation costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 4.34 | 10 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| Labour costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Labour costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 10 | 18.6 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| Interests cost | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Interests costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1.5 | 2.44 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| Revenue | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 62.6 | 61 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | |
| Market profit | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | -17 | -19 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | Revenue - variable costs - fixed costs - depreciation - interests |
| Profit | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 3.79 | -11 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | Revenue - variable costs - fixed costs - depreciation - interests + subsidies |
| Income over feed costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Italy | 20 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1039 | 527 | €/ 100 kgs of milk | Revenue from milk - total feed costs / cows |
| Incremental net return | Pigs | Intensive indoor | France, Spain | 21 | Marginal return | Income | + | Farmer | n | Vaccine treatment | Profitability | Pig level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 4.6 | 0 | €/pig | Differences in profit bewteen treatments. Profit = Income - feed costs - treatment costs |
| Cost of feed per kg of gain | Dairy cattle | - | France | 22 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Yeast supplementation | Profitability | Cow level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 3.72 | 4.53 | €/kg | |
| Veterinary cost | Dairy cattle | - | France | 22 | Veterinary costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Yeast supplementation | Profitability | Cow level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4.62 | 4.92 | €/calf | |
| production cost | Broilers | Intensive indoor | Bulgaria | 23 | Direct costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | male layer-type chicken rearing | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4.42 | 4.42 | €/kg | Fixed costs + variable costs |
| Farm net value added | Sheep dairy | Various | Italy | 24 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | Interaction between sustainability dimensions | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 108320 | 68245 | €/AWU | As in FADN (SE425) |
| Total output | Sheep dairy | Various | Italy | 24 | Revenue | Productivity | - | Farmer | n | Interaction between sustainability dimensions | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 165495 | 108590 | €/AWU | As in FADN (SE131/SE010) |
| Specific livestock costs | Sheep dairy | Various | Italy | 24 | Livestock costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Interaction between sustainability dimensions | Autonomy | enterprise level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 765 | 1384 | €/LU | As in FADN (SE309) |
| Productivity of intermediate consumption | Sheep dairy | Various | Italy | 24 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Interaction between sustainability dimensions | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 8.96 | 4.96 | Total output/intermediate consumption, As in FADN (SE131/SE275) | |
| Return on Equity | Sheep dairy | Various | Italy | 24 | Return on Equity | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Interaction between sustainability dimensions | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.61 | 0.27 | % | As in FADN (SE420/SE501) |
| Economic aggregated indicator | Sheep dairy | Various | Italy | 24 | Economic aggregated indicator | Income | + | Farmer | y | Interaction between sustainability dimensions | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | Normalization + merging | |||
| Gross value added | Goat | various | Spain | 25 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | farming system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 123 | 92 | €/goat | Income (wo subsidies) - intermediate consumption |
| Net value added | Goat | various | Spain | 25 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | farming system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 111 | 87 | €/goat | Income (wo subsidies) - intermediate consumption - depreciation |
| Net value added | Goat | various | Spain | 25 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | farming system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 29817 | 17914 | €/awu | Income (wo subsidies) - intermediate consumption - depreciation |
| Goat family farm income | Goat | various | Spain | 25 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | farming system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 109 | 74 | €/goat | Income (wo subsidies) - intermediate consumption - depreciation - hired labour |
| Goat family farm income cap aid | Goat | various | Spain | 25 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | farming system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 109 | 74 | €/goat | Income (+ subsidies) - intermediate consumption - depreciation - hired labour |
| Price | Pigs | various | Lithuania, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Spain, France, Latvia, Netherlands, Austria, Poland | 26 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | y | Size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1586 | 1200 | €/tn | |
| Costs | Pigs | various | Lithuania, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Spain, France, Latvia, Netherlands, Austria, Poland | 26 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1000 | 1308 | €/tn | |
| Labour productivity | Pigs | various | Lithuania, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Spain, France, Latvia, Netherlands, Austria, Poland | 26 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | y | Size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 122900 | 43599 | €/awu | |
| Current ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Liquidity ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (liquidity) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.7 | Current assets / current liabilities | ||
| Quick ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Liquidity ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (liquidity) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.57 | quick assets / current liabilities | ||
| Working capital | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Liquidity ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (liquidity) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.56 | Current assets / current liabilities | ||
| Cash Flow ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | cash flow | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (liquidity) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.67 | cash flow / turnover | ||
| Interest coverage ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Interest coverage ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (solvency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.52 | EBIT/interests | ||
| Equity-to-fixed asset ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Equity-to-fixed asset ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (solvency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.06 | farm equity / fixed assets | ||
| long-term debt-to-equity ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Debt to equity ratio | Solvency | - | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (solvency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 25 | long term debt / SH equity | ||
| short-term debt-to-assets ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Debt to assets ratio | Solvency | - | Farmer | n | - | Autonomy (solvency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 187 | short term debt / SH equity | ||
| Capital employed turnover | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Capital employed turnover | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Profiability (efficiency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.42 | sales/average capital employed | ||
| net worth turnover ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | net worth turnover ratio | Solvency | + | Farmer | n | - | Profiability (efficiency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.16 | sales/average total assets | ||
| inventories turnover ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | inventories turnover ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | - | Profiability (efficiency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 311 | sales/average inventory | ||
| depreciation expenses ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | depreciation expenses ratio | Costs | + | Farmer | n | - | Profiability (efficiency) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.32 | depreciation/revenues | ||
| net capital ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | net capital ratio | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | - | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -9.52 | net profit + financial expenses / total capital employed | ||
| ROA | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Return on Assets | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | - | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.48 | farm income + interests - unpaid labour / assets | ||
| ROE | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Return on Equity | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | - | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.21 | farm income + interests - unpaid labour / equity | ||
| gross profit margin ratio | Pigs | - | Greece | 27 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | - | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 28.6 | gross profit / sales | ||
| Average net income | Dairy cattle, beef cattle, pigs | various | France | 28 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Diversification | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 32000 | 26000 | €/awu | Outputs + subsidies - variable costs - overheads - taxes, rents and interests |
| Downside risk | Dairy cattle, beef cattle, pigs | various | France | 28 | Downside risk | Risk | + | Farmer | y | Diversification | Durability (income risk) | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 22000 | 16000 | €/awu | Average net income of 20% lowest years |
| Overall variability | Dairy cattle, beef cattle, pigs | various | France | 28 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | y | Diversification | Durability (income risk) | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 16 | 22 | % | CV of net income |
| Dependence on subsidies | Dairy cattle, beef cattle, pigs | various | France | 28 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | y | Diversification | Autonomy (income risk) | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 13 | 26 | % | subsidies/output |
| Input efficiency | Dairy cattle, beef cattle, pigs | various | France | 28 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | Diversification | Profitability (efficiency) | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 58 | 48 | variable inputs / products | |
| gross margin | Sheep dairy | Various | France | 29 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Reproduction system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 88109 | 84077 | € | Outputs (wo subsidies) - expenses |
| gross margin | Sheep dairy | Various | France | 29 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Reproduction system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 0.81 | 0.79 | €/l | Outputs (wo subsidies) - expenses |
| gross profit | Cattle, sheep and goats | Semi-extensive grazing | Italy | 30 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | livestock system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1611 | 566 | €/adult bovine unit | Output (inc subsidies) - variable costs |
| net profit | Cattle, sheep and goats | Semi-extensive grazing | Italy | 30 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | livestock system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 319 | 24 | €/adult bovine unit | Output (inc subsidies) - variable costs- overheads - depreciation - interests |
| Cost of investment | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Italy | 31 | Investment costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Precision livestock farming | Profitability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 200 | 400 | €/cow | |
| ROE | Dairy cattle | various | Germany, France, the Netherlands, Italy, Poland | 32 | Return on Equity | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.19 | 0.04 | % | Net income / equity |
| Farm income | All | Various | Europe | 33 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | €/awu | |||
| Weight of subsidies | All | Various | Europe | 33 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | y | Country | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | % | |||
| variability of farm income | All | Various | Europe | 33 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | y | Country | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | % | |||
| Life cycle costs | Dairy and beef cattle | semi-extensive grazing | France and Spain | 34 | Direct costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Production system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 160 | 490 | €/1000 kg of prot€in | Discounted value of projected flows of: (Investments + operational costs + taxes + rents + mainteinance ) / output quantity |
| NPV | Dairy and beef cattle | semi-extensive grazing | France and Spain | 34 | Net present value | Investment | + | Farmer | y | Production system | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 266 | 51 | €/1000 kg of prot€in | net present value of projected revenues - LCC |
| IRR | Dairy and beef cattle | semi-extensive grazing | France and Spain | 34 | Internal Rate of Return | Investment | + | Farmer | y | Production system | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.09 | 0.033 | % | |
| Farm Income | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Belgium | 35 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Production system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 14044 | 9000 | €/FWU | output (inc subsidies) - operational costs - fixed costs - financial costs |
| Share of subsidies | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Belgium | 35 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | y | Production system | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.22 | 0.3 | % | subsidies/output |
| Economic efficiency | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Belgium | 35 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | Production system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.59 | 0.41 | % | gross margin / output (wo subsidies) |
| technical efficiency | Cattle and sheep | Semi-extensive grazing | Scotland, UK | 36 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Production system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1 | 0.58 | DEA analysis | |
| Financial resilience | Cattle and sheep | Semi-extensive grazing | Scotland, UK | 36 | Resilience | Resilience | + | Farmer | n | Production system | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.08 | 0.035 | % | cash income / assets |
| Technical efficiency | Goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Greece | 37 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.79 | DEA analysis | |
| gross margin | Goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Greece | 37 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 136 | 70 | €/doe | gross revenue (inc subsidies) - variable costs |
| Net profit | Goat | Semi-extensive grazing | Greece | 37 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 30 | -30 | €/doe | gross revenue (inc subsidies) - variable costs - fixed costs (inc depreciation, interests and taxes) - rent - labour (hired and family) |
| Gross margin | Sheep dairy | Various | Greece | 38 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Flock size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 50 | -10 | income (inc subsidies) - variable costs (feeding, labour, transportation, utility, renting, veterinary and grazing costs) | |
| Income | Sheep dairy | Various | Greece | 38 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Flock size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 82000 | 35000 | €/ewe | |
| Variable costs | Sheep dairy | Various | Greece | 38 | Variable costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Flock size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 58000 | 30000 | € | (feeding, labour, transportation, utility, renting, veterinary and grazing costs) |
| Utility costs | Sheep dairy | Various | Greece | 38 | Utility costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Flock size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.012 | 0.038 | % | |
| Grazing land costs | Sheep dairy | Various | Greece | 38 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Flock size | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.004 | 0.019 | % | |
| Profit | Various | Semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 39 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Management | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | WO subsidies | |||
| Milk price | Dairy cattle | Various | Czechia | 40 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and breed | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 34.3 | 26 | €/100 l | |
| Feed costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Czechia | 40 | feed costs | Costs | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and breed | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 870 | 1468 | €/cow year | |
| Labour costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Czechia | 40 | Labour costs | Costs | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and breed | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 297 | 460 | €/y | |
| Total costs after deduction | Dairy cattle | Various | Czechia | 40 | Total costs | Costs | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and breed | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 2015 | 3303 | €/y | feed + labour + depreciation + veterinary and breeding + overheads (inc energy and insurance) - byproducts revenue |
| Profit | Dairy cattle | Various | Czechia | 40 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and breed | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 127 | 4 | €/y | Milk revenue (wo subsidies) - total costs |
| Profitability | Dairy cattle | Various | Czechia | 40 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and breed | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.1 | 0.019 | % | profit/total costs |
| Income over feed costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Czechia | 40 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and breed | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 5.44 | 3.4 | €/cow d | milk revenue - feed costs |
| Net farm income | Dairy cattle | Various | Belgium, Germany, France, Denmark, Italy, Ireland, UK, Poland | 41 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability (competitiviness) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 89812 | 47498 | € | as in FADN |
| Total cash costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Belgium, Germany, France, Denmark, Italy, Ireland, UK, Poland | 41 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability (competitiviness) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 2.39 | 3.79 | €/kg of milk solids | Variable costs + external factors (wages, rent and interest paid) + overheads |
| Total economic costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Belgium, Germany, France, Denmark, Italy, Ireland, UK, Poland | 41 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability (competitiviness) | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 3.78 | 5.13 | €/kg of milk solids | Total cash costs + opportunity costs for labour, equity and land |
| Cost of 1% reduction in mortality rates | Pigs | intensive indoor | Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, The Netherlands and Spain | 42 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Country and housing practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.2 | 0.4 | €/piglet | |
| Value of sow space unit | Pigs | intensive indoor | Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, The Netherlands and Spain | 42 | Net present value | Investment | - | Farmer | n | Country and housing practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 3100 | 795 | €/sow space unit | Discounted revenues minus all discounted costs including e.g. housing and insurance |
| Contribution margin | Beef cattle | various | Belgium, Germany, France, Italy. | 43 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Production system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.5 | 0.3 | €/ kg of carcass weight | revenue - variable costs |
| Gross revenue | Dairy cattle | - | Greece | 44 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | time | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4004 | 3419 | €/cow | milk + meat + subsisdies |
| Production costs | Dairy cattle | - | Greece | 44 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | time | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1600 | 2505 | €/cow | variable costs + labour + rents + fixed costs |
| Gross margin | Dairy cattle | - | Greece | 44 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | time | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1819 | 1499 | €/cow | revenue - variable costs |
| Net profit | Dairy cattle | - | Greece | 44 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | time | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 244 | 237 | €/cow | revenue - production costs |
| Economic loss | Dairy cattle | - | UK | 45 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0 | 333 | €/cow | Output loss + veterinary expenses |
| Net margin | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 46 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | vertical integration | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 60248 | 23751 | € | output (inc subsidies) - variable costs - fixed costs (land rental, salaries) |
| Net margin/awu | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 46 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | vertical integration | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 33647 | 19287 | €/awu | output (inc subsidies) - variable costs - fixed costs (land rental, salaries) |
| Dependence on subsidies | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 46 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | y | vertical integration | autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.36 | 0.63 | % | subsidies/net margin |
| productivity change | dairy cattle | Various | Netherlands | 47 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | Time/specialization/governmental support/age/scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.01 | -0.01 | DEA analysis | |
| Technical change | dairy cattle | Various | Netherlands | 47 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | Time/specialization/governmental support/age/scale | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.06 | 0.01 | DEA analysis | |
| Sources of income | Cattle, sheep and goats | Semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 48 | Diversification | Diversif | + | Farmer | y | various | Diversification | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 7 | 5 | ||
| Reliance on own resources | Cattle, sheep and goats | Semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 48 | External input dependence | External inputs | + | Farmer | y | various | Autonomy | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0 | ||
| Value creation | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | value added | Income | Farmer | y | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SMART assessment | ||||
| Local procurement | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | SMART | Income | Farmer | y | agroecological practices | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SMART assessment | ||||
| Internal investment | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | SMART | Income | Farmer | y | agroecological practices | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SMART assessment | ||||
| Profitability | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | y | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SMART assessment | |||
| Stability of production | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | SMART | Income | Farmer | y | agroecological practices | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SMART assessment | ||||
| Liquidity | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | SMART | Income | Farmer | y | agroecological practices | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SMART assessment | ||||
| Risk management | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | SMART | Income | Farmer | y | agroecological practices | Diversification | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SMART assessment | ||||
| Total input | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | Intermediate consumption costs | Costs | + | Farmer | n | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 8881 | 19162 | € | FADN |
| Total output | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | Revenue | Productivity | - | Farmer | n | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 21784 | 8502 | € | FADN |
| Net value added | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 12188 | 7093 | € | Output + subsidies - intermediate consumption - taxes - depreciation |
| Net farm income | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5174 | 2959 | € | net value added - interests |
| Labour productivity | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 992 | 841 | €/awu | net value added / awu |
| Gross margin per finishing cattle | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 14.9 | 11 | €/lu | |
| Output to input ratio | Beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | Sweden | 49 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | agroecological practices | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.14 | 0.96 | ||
| Milking direct costs | Goat | Various | Italy | 50 | Direct costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Milking systems | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 100 | 400 | €/ goat year | Labour costs + equipment operation + consumed supplies |
| Financial return | Broilers | Intensive indoor | Slovenia | 51 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Bedding material | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 27106 | 15394 | € | Output - feed costs - bedding costs - labour costs |
| Economic coefficient | Broilers | Intensive indoor | Slovenia | 51 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Bedding material | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.6 | 1.9 | financial return / total costs | |
| Gross revenue | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Belgium | 52 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Herd size, stock rate, share of grassland, concentrate autonomy | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Panel | 6322 | 1810 | €/ha | revenues exc subsidies |
| Operating expenses | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Belgium | 52 | Intermediate consumption costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Herd size, stock rate, share of grassland, concentrate autonomy | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Panel | 1061 | 1319 | €/ha | variable costs + salaries + contractors + other expenses |
| Operating profits | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Belgium | 52 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Herd size, stock rate, share of grassland, concentrate autonomy | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Panel | 1599 | 748 | €/ha | revenues - expenses |
| Operating profit margin | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Belgium | 52 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Herd size, stock rate, share of grassland, concentrate autonomy | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Panel | 0.55 | 0.42 | % | profit/revenue |
| Subsidies | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Belgium | 52 | Subsidies | Subsidies | Farmer | n | Herd size, stock rate, share of grassland, concentrate autonomy | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Panel | 402 | 600 | €/ha | ||
| Subsidiy dependence | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Belgium | 52 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | Herd size, stock rate, share of grassland, concentrate autonomy | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Panel | 0.13 | 0.28 | % | subsidies/revenue |
| farm profits | Various | Various | Slovakia | 53 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Policy support | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | €/farm | not clear | ||
| value of production | Beef cattle | Semiextensive grazing and intensive indoor | Italy | 54 | value of production | productivity | + | Farmer | n | Time | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 18.42 | 14.11 | €/lu | Output (exc subsidies) |
| EBITDA | Beef cattle | Semiextensive grazing and intensive indoor | Italy | 54 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Time | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 790 | 431 | €/lu | VOP - variable costs - labour - overheads |
| CAP (subsidies) | Beef cattle | Semiextensive grazing and intensive indoor | Italy | 54 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | Time | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.19 | 0.35 | % | subsidies/ebitda + subsidies |
| Gross margin | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | Spain | 55 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | ||||||
| Subsidies | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | Spain | 55 | Subsidies | Subsidies | + | Farmer | y | farming system | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | ||||||
| Value added / (life cycle costs + labour) | Pigs | Intensive indoor + intensive outdoor | Sweden | 56 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | Conventional/organic | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.1 | 0.83 | output/operational costs + labour (paid + unpaid) (exc depreciation, rent, taxes, interests) | |
| Labour income | Dairy cattle | various | Switzerland | 57 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Farm type, size and management strategies | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4822 | 2500 | CHF/ha | Output + subsidies - variable costs - fixed costs - overheads - capital and land costs |
| Labour income | Dairy cattle | various | Switzerland | 57 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Farm type, size and management strategies | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 26 | 19 | CHF/h | Output + subsidies - variable costs - fixed costs - overheads - capital and land costs |
| Profit cow | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Germany | 58 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | + | Farmer | n | Farm group | Profitability | Cow level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0 | ||
| Proportion of profit cows | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Germany | 58 | Proportion of profit cows | Breakeven point | + | Farmer | n | Farm group | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.57 | 0.19 | % | |
| Breakeven milk price | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Germany | 58 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | + | Farmer | n | Farm group | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.37 | 0.4 | €/kg | |
| Production cost | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Germany | 58 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Farm group | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 8 | 10 | €/cow | |
| technical efficiency | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 59 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Size, subsidies, milk yield, specialization | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 1 | 0.9 | SFA | |
| Land productivity | Dairy cattle | Various | Poland | 60 | value of production | productivity | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 7832 | 5873 | PLN/ha | FADN |
| Farm net value added | Dairy cattle | Various | Poland | 60 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 49893 | 29603 | PLN/AWU | FADN |
| Family farm income | Dairy cattle | Various | Poland | 60 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 85401 | 48952 | PLN | FADN |
| Family farm income | Dairy cattle | Various | Poland | 60 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 3917 | 2480 | PLN/ha | FADN |
| Total revenues | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 61 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | y | Characterisation | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 10952 | 4626 | €/ha | FADN |
| Added value per labour unit | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 61 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | Characterisation | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 60639 | 38638 | €/awu | FADN |
| Labour costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 61 | Labour costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Characterisation | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 749 | 777 | €/ha | FADN |
| Machinery costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 61 | Machinery costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Characterisation | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 239 | €/ha | FADN | |
| Gross saleable livestock production | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 61 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | y | Characterisation | Diversification | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 7454 | €/ha | FADN | |
| Financial loss | Dairy cattle | Various | the Netherlands | 62 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | y | Feed quality | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 74100 | € | n of farms x days of discharded milk x cows x l of milk x price | |
| Economic efficiency | Beef cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry | semiextensive outdoor | France | 63 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | ecological network analysis | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.45 | 0.2 | added value (gross output inc subsidies - intermediate consumption - depreciation) / gross output | |
| Internal rate of return | Pigs | intensive indoor | Sweden | 64 | Internal Rate of Return | Investment | + | Farmer | y | cooling system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.17 | 0.164 | % | |
| Whole-farm annual equivalent value | Pigs | intensive indoor | Sweden | 64 | Net present value | Investment | + | Farmer | y | cooling system | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 56558 | 52961 | € | annualised monetary return of an investment (based from NPV) |
| Gross margin | Dairy cattle | semiextensive outdoor | France | 65 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Legume exchange | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 3521 | 3343 | €/ha | Revenues inc subsidies - variable costs |
| Economic efficiency | Dairy cattle | semiextensive outdoor | France | 65 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | Legume exchange | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 0.78 | 0.75 | % | gross margin / revenues |
| Gross profit | Beef cattle | Intensive indoor | Ireland | 66 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Genetic merit | Profitability | enterprise level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 1200 | 500 | €/ha | Output (wo subsidies) - variable costs |
| Economic resilience | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Resilience | Resilience | + | Farmer | n | Country | Various | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Profitability | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Labour productivity | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Labour productivity | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability/autonomy | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Entrepreneurship | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Entrepreneurship | Management | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Risk management | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Risk management | Risk | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability/diversification | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Resilience of resources | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Resilience | Resilience | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Gross margin over feed costs | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 115 | 92 | €/pig | |
| Gross margin over feed costs | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.58 | 0.48 | % | % of turnover |
| Gross margin over feed costs | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1746 | 1406 | €/sow | |
| Gross margin over non-factor costs | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 63 | 32 | €/pig | |
| Gross margin over non-factor costs | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.32 | 0.13 | % | % of turnover |
| Gross margin over non-factor costs | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1173 | 959 | ||
| Production non-factor costs | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Production costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.49 | 1.56 | €/kg | |
| Bargaining power in the chain | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Bargaining power in the chain | Management | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.49 | 0.36 | % | |
| Horizontal cooperation | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Horizontal cooperation | Management | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.41 | 0.33 | % | |
| Degree of specialization | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Diversification | Diversif | + | Farmer | n | Country | Diversification | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.88 | 0.79 | % | share of pigs in total turnover |
| share of rented land | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | share of rented land | External inputs | + | Farmer | n | Country | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.41 | 0.36 | % | |
| share of family labour | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | share of family labour | External inputs | + | Farmer | n | Country | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.81 | 0.38 | % | |
| Degree of modernity | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Degree of modernity | Management | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.38 | 0.28 | % | |
| Capital intensity | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Capital intensity | Risk | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.54 | 0.33 | % | |
| Investment potential | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Investment potential | Investment | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.64 | 0.58 | % | |
| Innovation potential | Pigs | Various | Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Austria | 67 | Innovation potential | Management | + | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.63 | 0.57 | % | |
| Gross farm income | Dairy cattle | Various | Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia | 68 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 60390 | 33900 | €/awu | FADN |
| Farm net inconme | Dairy cattle | Various | Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia | 68 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 620 | 510 | €/lu | FADN |
| Profit margin | Dairy cattle | Various | Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia | 68 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.35 | 0.19 | % | FADN |
| Price paid on sales | Sheep and goat | Various | Finland, France, Greece, Italy, Spain and the UK | 69 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | business skills | Profitability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5.5 | 4.35 | Likert scale | |
| Farmers' share of retail price | Sheep and goat | Various | Finland, France, Greece, Italy, Spain and the UK | 69 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | business skills | Profitability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5.11 | 3.81 | Likert scale | |
| Sales growth | Sheep and goat | Various | Finland, France, Greece, Italy, Spain and the UK | 69 | Sales growth | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | business skills | Profitability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5.39 | 4.38 | Likert scale | |
| Gross unit margins | Sheep and goat | Various | Finland, France, Greece, Italy, Spain and the UK | 69 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | business skills | Profitability | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5.69 | 4.11 | Likert scale | |
| Economic risk | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Austria | 70 | Economic risk | Risk | - | Farmer | n | Heat stress | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.27 | 2.86 | €/animal plac€ | Gross margin reduction (revenue - variable costs) * likelihood of event |
| Dairy gross margin | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 71 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Animal welfare | Profitability | enterprise level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 120724 | 83334 | € | FADN |
| Income per labour unit | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 71 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Animal welfare | Profitability | enterprise level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 71249 | 52272 | €/AWU | FADN |
| Farm viability | Various | Various | Switzerland | 72 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | y | Organic | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SAFA | |||
| Price premiums | Various | Various | Switzerland | 72 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | y | Organic | Profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SAFA | |||
| Reliance on external fertilizers | Various | Various | Switzerland | 72 | SMART | Income | - | Farmer | y | Organic | Autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SAFA | |||
| Availability of alternative markets | Various | Various | Switzerland | 72 | SMART | Income | + | Farmer | y | Organic | Autonomy | Farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | SAFA | |||
| profit | dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 73 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | feeding system | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 3.23 | 1.37 | €/kg of cheese | revenue - variable costs - overheads - cheese making - taxes - interests |
| Day-old chicken cost | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 11.04 | 11.6 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Feeding cost | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 44.4 | 47.05 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Energy cost | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Energy costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.42 | 2.9 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Animal health cost | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Veterinary costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.07 | 1.63 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Labour cost | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Labour costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.5 | 3.42 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Depreciation | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Depreciation costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5.35 | 2.76 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Other cost | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | General costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4.02 | 6.43 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Overheads | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Overheads | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 3.42 | 3.39 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Total costs of production | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 74.2 | 79.26 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| revenue | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 83.4 | 84.3 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| Net income | Broilers | intensive indoor | Hungary | 74 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 9.26 | 5.08 | €/100 kg of bw | |
| farm income | Dairy cattle and pigs | various | France | 75 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | circularity | profitability | regional level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 2188000000 | 2090000000 | € | Revenue - fertiliser cost - purchases of crops and animals - manure cost |
| Income per ha | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | France | 76 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 585 | 484 | €/ha | output-costs (not specified) |
| % of income from animal production | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | France | 76 | Diversification | Diversif | Farmer | n | Diversification | Diversification | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.68 | 0.41 | % | ||
| Economic production efficiency | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | France | 76 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.71 | 0.62 | % | income/output |
| Dependence on subsidies | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | France | 76 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | Diversification | autonomy | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.43 | 0.83 | % | subsidies/income |
| External input dependence | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | France | 76 | External input dependence | External inputs | - | Farmer | n | Autonomy | autonomy | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 6.85 | 29 | €/100€ of output | |
| Resistance to economic shock | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | France | 76 | Resistance to economic shock | Resilience | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.8 | 0.78 | ||
| Variation coefficient of income with an economic shock | Sheep meat | Semiextensive grazing | France | 76 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Diversification | durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 10 | 16 | ||
| Net profit | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 77 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | time | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1744 | 1255 | €/ha | gross output (wo subsidies) - variable costs - fixed costs - depreciation - interests |
| net income | sheep meat | semiextensive and intensive grazing | France and Ireland | 78 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | farming system | durability (resilience) | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 25571 | 6238 | €/worker | gross output (+subsidies) - variable costs - fixed costs - depreciation - taxes - interests |
| income variability | sheep meat | semiextensive and intensive grazing | France and Ireland | 78 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | farming system | durability (resilience) | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 3650 | 6947 | SD of net income | |
| frequency of years with drop of level income | sheep meat | semiextensive and intensive grazing | France and Ireland | 78 | frequency of years with drop of level income | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | farming system | durability (resilience) | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 0.05 | 0.3 | frequency of two years with drop in income | |
| profit | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Germany | 79 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | sexed semen and crossbreeding | profitability | cow level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 568 | 79 | €/cow | ? |
| Dairy gross margin | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 80 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | technology adoption | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1132 | 1004 | €/cow | revenues-direct costs |
| Farm business resilience | Sheep and goat | various | Greece, Italy, Spain, Finland, UK, France | 81 | Resilience | Resilience | + | Farmer | y | country | Various | farm level | y | y | post | calculation | panel | 4 | 3 | 1-5 index, composed by gross margin, product quality and certification, locality, business resilience and long-term profitability | |
| Production potential | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Production potential | Productivity | Farmer | n | country | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | Indicator made from the following variables: Total labor inputs expressed in Annual Work Units (an AWU is equivalent to 2120 working hours per year [35]), share of hired labor in total labor inputs (%), agricultural land area of the farm (ha), share of additional leased agricultural land in total agricultural land (%) total assets less the value of land, permanent crops and production quotas (EUR thousand) share of fixed assets in total assets (%) assets-to-labor ratio (fixed assets per full-time employee) (EUR thousand/AWU) assets-to-land ratio (fixed assets per hectare of agricultural land) (EUR thousand/ha) agricultural land area per full-time employee (ha/AWU) production scale (number of dairy cows) share of livestock in fixed assets value (%) livestock density, expressed as livestock units (LU) per hectare. |
||||
| Assets to labour | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Assets | Solvency | Farmer | n | production potential | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 846 | 320 | €/FTE | wo land | |
| Assets to land | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Assets | Solvency | Farmer | n | production potential | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 21 | 11 | €/ha | wo land | |
| % of fixed assets in total assets | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Assets | Solvency | Farmer | n | production potential | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.83 | 0.71 | % | ||
| Total output | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 406000 | 55000 | € | |
| Share of livestock in output | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Diversification | Diversif | Farmer | n | production potential | Diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.84 | 0.57 | % | ||
| Gross value added | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 163000 | 38000 | € | FADN |
| Family farm income | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 51000 | 27000 | €/FTE | FADN |
| Land profitability | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1200 | 600 | €/ha | |
| Milk profitability | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.45 | 0.25 | €/kg of milk | |
| Shares of subsidies in gross value added | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Subsidies | Subsidies | Farmer | n | production potential | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.31 | 0.56 | |||
| Net value added per FTE | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 49000 | 17000 | €/FTE | |
| Profitability (%) | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.23 | 0.09 | % | |
| ROS | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Return on Sales | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.23 | 0.09 | ||
| ROA | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Return on Assets | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.09 | 0.028 | ||
| ROE | Dairy cattle | Various | Europe | 82 | Return on Equity | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | production potential | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.104 | 0.043 | ||
| ROS | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | UK | 83 | Return on Sales | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | business management practices | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Assets turnover ratio | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | UK | 83 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | business management practices | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| ROA | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | UK | 83 | Return on Assets | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | business management practices | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| ROE | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | UK | 83 | Return on Equity | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | business management practices | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| ROA | Sheep dairy | Various | Spain | 84 | Return on Assets | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | dynamic capabilities | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Return on investment | Sheep dairy | Various | Spain | 84 | Return on Investment | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | dynamic capabilities | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| forgone net margin | laying hens | intensive indoor | UK | 85 | Gross margin | Income | - | Farmer | n | Animal welfare | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.55 | 1.21 | £/dozen of eggs | |
| Transient technical efficiency | Dairy cattle | Various | EU | 86 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Scale | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.98 | 0.95 | ||
| Persistent technical efficiency | Dairy cattle | Various | EU | 86 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Scale | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.88 | 0.88 | ||
| gross margin | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive grazing + intensive grazing | Greece | 87 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 95500 | 75000 | € | |
| Variable costs | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive grazing + intensive grazing | Greece | 87 | Variable costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 73200 | 76000 | € | |
| Output | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive grazing + intensive grazing | Greece | 87 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 172000 | 145000 | € | |
| Profitability | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Spain | 88 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | technology adoption | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.27 | 0.14 | % | |
| Cash-flow | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Spain | 88 | cash flow | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | technology adoption | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 217454 | 121173 | € | |
| net margin per work | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Spain | 88 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | technology adoption | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 22450 | 15450 | €/awu | |
| total incomes per ewe | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Spain | 88 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | technology adoption | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 348 | 266 | €/ewe | |
| subsidies | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Spain | 88 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | technology adoption | Autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 26 | 34 | €/ewe | |
| unit cost | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Spain | 88 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | technology adoption | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.28 | 2.18 | €/kg of milk | |
| Breakeven point | Sheep dairy | Intensive grazing | Spain | 88 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | - | Farmer | n | technology adoption | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 96 | 96 | kg of milk/ewe | |
| Gross margin | Pigs | intensive indoor | France | 89 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Feeding practices | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 11.2 | 6.5 | €/pig | revenues - feed costs - piglet purchase |
| Stardand output | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | age | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 876000 | 670000 | € | total revenue |
| Total production/AWU | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 53000 | 47000 | €/awu | total revenue |
| Production/cost | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Total costs | Costs | + | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.02 | 0.95 | % | FADN |
| Livestock production / lu | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 952 | 920 | €/ lu | FADN |
| intermediate consumption / ha | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Intermediate consumption costs | Costs | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1134 | 1202 | €/ ha | FADN | |
| depreciation | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Depreciation costs | Costs | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 184 | 190 | € | FADN | |
| external factors | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | External input dependence | External inputs | Farmer | n | age | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 417 | 487 | € | FADN | |
| farm net value added | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 465000 | 345000 | € | FADN |
| farm net value added | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 25000 | 21000 | €/awu | FADN |
| Total assets | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Assets | Solvency | + | Farmer | n | age | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2456000 | 1876000 | € | FADN |
| Total liabilities | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Liabilities | Solvency | - | Farmer | n | age | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 385000 | 676000 | € | FADN |
| operating subsidies | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | age | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.76 | 0.77 | % | FADN |
| quick ratio | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Liquidity ratio | Liquidity | - | Farmer | n | age | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 15 | 37 | days | FADN |
| Debt to assets ratio | Cattle, sheep and goats | Various | Czechia | 90 | Debt to assets ratio | Solvency | - | Farmer | n | age | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.19 | 0.22 | % | FADN |
| Profit with subsidy | Sheep dairy | Various | Bulgaria | 91 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 32 | 28 | BGN/ewe | |
| Profit without subsidy | Sheep dairy | Various | Bulgaria | 91 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -4.6 | -4.7 | BGN/ewe | |
| ROS | Sheep dairy | Various | Bulgaria | 91 | Return on Sales | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.113 | 0.09 | % | |
| Remuneration for family labour | Dairy cattle | Various | Germany, France, Poland, the Netherlands, Denmark and Ireland | 92 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | country | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 18.4 | 9.9 | €/h | FADN (FFI/unpaid labour) |
| Remuneration for family labour after opportunity cost | Dairy cattle | Various | Germany, France, Poland, the Netherlands, Denmark and Ireland | 92 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | country | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 4.4 | 1 | €/h | FADN (FFI-opportunity costs of land and assets / unpaid labour) |
| Farm economic viability | Various | Semi-extensive grazing | Czechia | 93 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | n | System and region | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1.2 | 0.9 | Using data from FADN, FEV willl be: (FNVA - (Interest paid + op cost of capital) - (rent paid + op cost of land))/(wages paid + unpaid labour) | |
| Relative standard deviation of the current result per worker | Various | Various | France | 94 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | System and region | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 0.53 | 0.89 | % | SD of result/FWU / average result/FWU |
| Mean relative distance of the current result per worker | Various | Various | France | 94 | Income variability | Resilience | + | Farmer | n | System and region | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 2.59 | 0.64 | % | (result/fwu - minimum wage)/minimum wage x 100 |
| Number of economic disruptions | Various | Various | France | 94 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | System and region | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 2.8 | 5 | years | Number of time with a decrease in results of 25% |
| Economic recovery time | Various | Various | France | 94 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | System and region | Durability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Panel | 1.7 | 2.1 | years | Number of years neccesary to recover that result |
| farm income | Various | Various | Switzerland | 95 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | environmental regulation | profitability | Farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Panel | 76000 | 67000 | CHF | |
| Failure costs | Dairy cattle | Various | France, Spain, Sweden, Germany | 96 | Failure costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | cow level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 96 | 43 | €/cow | Cost associated with a disease (milk production, treatment, herd removal) |
| Additionally revenue required to be as profitable as baseline | Pigs | intensive indoor | Germany | 97 | Farm net income | Income | - | Farmer | n | Castration system | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.44 | 5.6 | €/100 kg of carcass w€ight | |
| Operational returns | Dairy cattle | Various | Denmark | 98 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Extended lactation and sexed semen | profitability | cow level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 20 | 0 | €/cow | Output - costs for feed, diseases, reproduction, mortality and labour |
| Profitability | Sheep dairy | semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 99 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.2762 | 0.14 | % | |
| Cash Flow | Sheep dairy | semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 99 | cash flow | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 338627 | 121173 | € | |
| Net margin per work | Sheep dairy | semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 99 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 37898 | 15450 | €/FTE | |
| total incomes per ewe | Sheep dairy | semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 99 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 348 | 266 | €/ewe | |
| subsidies per ewe | Sheep dairy | semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 99 | Subsidies | Subsidies | Farmer | n | innovation | autonomy | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 116 | 34 | €/ewe | ||
| unit cost | Sheep dairy | semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 99 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2.18 | 3.13 | €/kg | |
| Breakeven point | Sheep dairy | semi-extensive grazing | Spain | 99 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | Farmer | n | innovation | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 96592 | 225883 | kg | ||
| Farm income | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Switzerland | 100 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Policy support | profitability | Farm level | y | n | Both | Both | Panel | 84000 | 70000 | CHF | FADN |
| Price | Laying hens | intensive indoor | Hungary | 101 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Housing system | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.0147 | 0.013 | €/egg | FADN |
| unit cost | Laying hens | intensive indoor | Hungary | 101 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Housing system | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.0575 | 0.078 | €/egg | FADN |
| net profit | Laying hens | intensive indoor | Hungary | 101 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Housing system | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.0227 | -0.0012 | €/egg | FADN |
| Production value | Laying hens | intensive indoor | Hungary | 101 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | Housing system | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 24 | 21 | €/hen | FADN |
| Production cost | Laying hens | intensive indoor | Hungary | 101 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Housing system | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 17.4 | 20.8 | €/hen | FADN |
| gross output | Beef cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 102 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 968 | 683 | €/lu | |
| variable costs | Beef cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 102 | Variable costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 392 | 483 | €/lu | fadn |
| fixed costs | Beef cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 102 | Fixed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 260 | 739 | €/lu | depreciation + overheads |
| gross profit | Beef cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 102 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 407 | 200 | €/lu | |
| net profit | Beef cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 102 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 214 | -539 | €/lu | |
| Income over feed costs | Dairy cattle | various | Germany | 103 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.3 | 0.24 | €/kg ECM | |
| Milk price | Dairy cattle | various | Germany | 103 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.465 | 0.37 | €/kg | |
| Net return | Dairy cattle | various | Germany | 103 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Performance | profitability | Farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.098 | -0.02 | €/kg ECM | |
| Milk yield loss | Dairy cattle | various | Scotland, UK | 104 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | regional level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 60 | £/cow/year | ||
| Opportunity cost within lactation | Dairy cattle | various | Scotland, UK | 104 | Opportunity costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | regional level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 1.36 | £/cow/year | ||
| Opportunity cost of a prolonged dry period | Dairy cattle | various | Scotland, UK | 104 | Opportunity costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | regional level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 2.38 | £/cow/year | ||
| Herd age structure cost | Dairy cattle | various | Scotland, UK | 104 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | regional level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 2.26 | £/cow/year | ||
| Total cost | Dairy cattle | various | Scotland, UK | 104 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | regional level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 112.8 | £/cow/year | ||
| Partial budget | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Germany | 105 | Gross margin (alternatives) | Income | + | Farmer | n | Management strategies | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 213000 | 75000 | € | cost saved + extra revenue - extra cost - foregone revenue |
| Gross margin | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Germany | 105 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Management strategies | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 750000 | 560000 | € | Revenue - variable - fixed costs |
| Expected value | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Germany | 105 | Net present value | Investment | + | Farmer | n | Management strategies | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 1032000 | 600000 | € | NPV of partial budget x probability of success |
| Payback period | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Germany | 105 | Payback period | Investment | - | Farmer | n | Management strategies | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 1 | 3 | years | |
| IRR | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Germany | 105 | Internal Rate of Return | Investment | + | Farmer | n | Management strategies | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 0.72 | 0.39 | % | |
| Benefit-cost ratio | Pigs | Intensive indoor | Germany | 105 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Management strategies | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 5.2 | 1.99 | ||
| ROA | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive outdoor | Spain | 106 | Return on Assets | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Technology and governance | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| ROI | Sheep dairy | Semi-extensive outdoor | Spain | 106 | Return on Investment | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Technology and governance | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Gross margin | Pigs | intensive indoor | France | 107 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Management practices | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 20 | 13 | €/pig | revenue - feed costs - piglet cost |
| Marginal utilities | Goat | various | Austria | 108 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Genetic merit | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 9.4 | 4 | €/unit | |
| Gross margin | Pigs | intensive indoor | Denmark | 109 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Animal welfare | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 21729 | 15571 | DKK/LU | Rvenues - variable costs |
| technical efficiency | Pigs | intensive indoor | Denmark | 109 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Animal welfare | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.87 | ||
| Discounted margin over variable costs | Dairy cattle | - | France | 110 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Breeding program | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 2136 | 2104 | e/cow/year | ∑(revenue - variable costs) discounted at present value |
| Difference compared to least cost diet | Broilers | intensive indoor | UK | 111 | Gross margin (alternatives) | Income | - | Farmer | y | Sustainability objective | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0 | 0.3 | % | Difference between the optimal least cost diet and diets formulated for least environmental impacts |
| Financial loss | Dairy cattle | Various | Switzerland | 112 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | panel | 0 | 89 | CHF/cow year | |
| Total revenues | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 113 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | location | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2851 | 2700 | €/ha | FADN |
| Current costs | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 113 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | location | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1366 | 1433 | €/ha | FADN |
| Added value | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 113 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | location | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1416 | 1364 | €/ha | FADN |
| net income | Dairy cattle | Various | Italy | 113 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | location | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 907 | 902 | €/ha | FADN |
| milk price | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 9.5 | 8 | CZK/l | milk income |
| Feed costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 3.5 | 3.8 | CZK/l | |
| IOFC | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 5.51 | 4 | CZK/l | milk price - feed costs |
| Veterinary and breeding cost | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Veterinary costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.49 | 0.54 | CZK/l | |
| depreciation of cows | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Depreciation costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.79 | 0.82 | CZK/l | |
| Total costs with indirect costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 8.5 | 8.9 | CZK/l | includes depreciation of assets and cows |
| Total costs without indirect costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 7.8 | 8.6 | CZK/l | Does not includes certain costs (calf rearing, slurry spreading, not sure what others) |
| Net profit without subsidies | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.7 | 0 | CZK/l | income - total costs without indirect costs |
| Profitability | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.08 | 0 | % | NP/TCwoIC |
| Breakeven point of milk price | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 7.8 | 8.2 | CZK/l | |
| Breakeven point of costs | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | + | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 78243 | 63000 | CZK/cow | |
| Breakeven point of production | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 5855 | 8067 | l/cow year | |
| Breakeven point of subsidies | Dairy cattle | Intensive indoor | Czechia | 114 | Breakeven point | Breakeven point | - | Farmer | n | Reproductive parameters and milk yield | Autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | -77 | 2000 | CZK/cow | |
| Profitability of production | All | All | Bulgaria | 115 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | y | Size, location, livestock system | profitability | farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.6 | 0 to 1 | Autoperception |
| farm income | All | All | Bulgaria | 115 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Size, location, livestock system | profitability | farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.58 | 0 to 1 | Autoperception |
| profitability of equity | All | All | Bulgaria | 115 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | y | Size, location, livestock system | profitability | farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.3 | 0 to 1 | Autoperception |
| Liquidity | All | All | Bulgaria | 115 | Liquidity | Liquidity | + | Farmer | y | Size, location, livestock system | durability | farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.4 | 0 to 1 | Autoperception |
| financial autonomy | All | All | Bulgaria | 115 | financial autonomy | External inputs | + | Farmer | y | Size, location, livestock system | Autonomy | farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.41 | 0 to 1 | Autoperception |
| income per household member | All | All | Bulgaria | 115 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Size, location, livestock system | profitability | farm level | n | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.42 | 0 to 1 | Autoperception |
| Gross output per hectare | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 116 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | y | Cluster analysis | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 6404 | 3093.132 | €/ha | FADN |
| Market based gross margin per hectare | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 116 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Cluster analysis | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 3558 | 1462.338 | €/ha | FADN |
| Income per unpaid labour unit | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 116 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Cluster analysis | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 141725 | 40675.075 | €/FTE | FADN |
| Market orientation | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 116 | Subsidies | Subsidies | + | Farmer | y | Cluster analysis | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.96 | 0.89 | % | FADN |
| Viability | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 116 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | y | Cluster analysis | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1 | 0.73 | FADN | |
| Accumulated expenses | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Denmark | 117 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 5.1 | 5.2 | Million €/10 years | Feed + labour + insemination + animal disposal |
| Accumulated income | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Denmark | 117 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 8.15 | 8.2 | Million €/10 years | Milk + calf + culling |
| Accumulated total net revenue | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Denmark | 117 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 3.02 | 3 | Million €/10 years | income - expenses |
| economic viability | Dairy cattle, pigs, poultry | Various | Denmark | 118 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | y | Livestock sector | all | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 69 | 55 | 0-100 | aggregation of below subthemes |
| liquidity reserve | Dairy cattle, pigs, poultry | Various | Denmark | 118 | Current ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | y | Livestock sector | durability and autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 62 | 47 | 0-100 | liquid assets versus farm expenditure |
| level of indebtness | Dairy cattle, pigs, poultry | Various | Denmark | 118 | Debt repayment | Liquidity | + | Farmer | y | Livestock sector | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 98 | 45 | 0-100 | Years of debt repayment with total cash flow |
| economic vulnerability | Dairy cattle, pigs, poultry | Various | Denmark | 118 | economic vulnerability | Risk | + | Farmer | y | Livestock sector | diversification and durability | farm level | y | y | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 76 | 69 | 0-100 | Farmers perception and diversification |
| livelihood security | Dairy cattle, pigs, poultry | Various | Denmark | 118 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Livestock sector | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 81 | 50 | 0-100 | income/basic needs |
| cash flow turnover ratio | Dairy cattle, pigs, poultry | Various | Denmark | 118 | cash flow | Liquidity | + | Farmer | y | Livestock sector | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 61 | 48 | 0-100 | income/sales |
| debt service coverage ratio | Dairy cattle, pigs, poultry | Various | Denmark | 118 | debt service coverage ratio | Liquidity | + | Farmer | y | Livestock sector | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 91 | 29 | 0-100 | debt service (interests + principal repayment) / cash flow |
| Feed expenditure | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | system | autonomy/profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 53 | 270 | €/ha | |
| Veterinary expenditures | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Veterinary costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | system | autonomy/profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 4.7 | 82 | €/ha | |
| Intermediate consumption | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Intermediate consumption costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | system | autonomy/profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 99 | 580 | €/ha | |
| other expenditures | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | General costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | system | autonomy/profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 80 | 600 | €/ha | Salaries + amortization + rent |
| Dependence on subsidies | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | system | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.3 | 0.56 | % | |
| dependence on livestock income | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Diversification | Diversif | Farmer | n | system | diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.43 | 0.67 | % | livestock sales / total sales | |
| livestock sales | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Revenue | Productivity | Farmer | n | system | diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 846 | 171 | €/ha | ||
| investment on fixed capital | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Investment | Investment | Farmer | n | system | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 355 | 62 | €/ha | ||
| net added value | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1019 | 256 | €/ha | output - intermediate consumption |
| Land productivity | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1796 | 883 | €/ha | Total output (including subsidies and investment) |
| work productivity | Beef cattle | semiextensive grazing | Spain | 119 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 46494 | 23132 | €/fte | Total output (including subsidies and investment) |
| Total cost | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Europe | 120 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Disease/disorder | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0 | 60 | €/calf | Total cost, versus control, of mortality, morbility, treatment and reduction of ADG |
| Average calculated loss | Dairy cattle | Various | Switzerland | 121 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Disease/disorder | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0 | 1338 | €/infection | Therapy cost + reduced milk yield + abortion cost |
| IOFC | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Italy | 122 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | y | sustainability performance | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 7.39 | 5.49 | €/cow day | Income - direct costs |
| Gross margin | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Italy | 122 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | sustainability performance | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 6.55 | 3.56 | €/cow day | income from milk - feeding costs |
| Economic losses | Broilers | intensive indoor | Romania | 123 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | n | diseases | Profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 37948 | 57441 | €/flock | Economic losses due to body weight gain reduction, feed conversion ratio, and mortality |
| Net profit without subsidies | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 124 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diseases and culling rate | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -0.97 | -1.38 | CZK/l | income - total costs without indirect costs |
| Profitability | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 124 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diseases and culling rate | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -0.0864 | -0.15 | % | NP/TCwoIC |
| Total costs with indirect costs | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 124 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases and culling rate | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 3.63 | 3.9 | CZK/l | includes depreciation of assets and cows |
| Feed costs | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 124 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Diseases and culling rate | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 8.73 | 9.17 | CZK/l | |
| economic loss | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Europe | 125 | Losses | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Disease/disorder | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0 | 257 | €/cow lactation | Sum of increased risk of associated diseases + milk yield reduction |
| Gross margin | Dairy cattle | various | the Netherlands | 126 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | Climate and socieconomic change | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 131320 | 98000 | €/farm year | |
| Output/input | Dairy cattle | various | the Netherlands | 126 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | Climate and socieconomic change | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.9 | 1.9 | output/input | |
| Net profit without subsidies | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 127 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield, herd size and cows per worker | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -0.37 | -0.9 | CZK/l | income - total costs without indirect costs |
| Profitability | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 127 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield, herd size and cows per worker | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | -0.0377 | -0.08 | % | NP/TCwoIC |
| Total costs with indirect costs | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 127 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Milk yield, herd size and cows per worker | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 8.32 | 8.68 | CZK/l | includes depreciation of assets and cows |
| Feed costs | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 127 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Milk yield, herd size and cows per worker | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 3.78 | 3.85 | CZK/l | |
| Total costs | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 128 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Milk yield and calving interval | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 6.29 | 7 | €/day | |
| Feeding costs | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 128 | feed costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Milk yield and calving interval | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 2.56 | 3.15 | €/day | |
| Total costs | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 128 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Milk yield and calving interval | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.25 | 0.26 | €/l | |
| Milk income | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 128 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and calving interval | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 3801 | 3168 | €/lactation | |
| IOFC | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 128 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and calving interval | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 4.48 | 3.84 | €/day | |
| Profitability | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Czechia | 128 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Milk yield and calving interval | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 44.9 | -82 | €/lactation | |
| IOFC | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Italy | 129 | Income over feed costs | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diet | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 6.36 | 5.62 | €/cow day | |
| Milk margin | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor | Italy | 129 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diet | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.2 | 0.2 | €/kg | Margin between milk price and feed cost needed |
| Overall risk | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Lithuania | 130 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Sector and performance | Durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.4 | 0.29 | 0-1 | DEA over ROA, DoA, Cashflow ratio, current ratio |
| Managerial risk | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Lithuania | 130 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Performance | Durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0-1 | DEA over ROA, DoA, Cashflow ratio, current ratio |
| Program risk | Dairy and beef cattle | various | Lithuania | 130 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Agricultural sector | Durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.95 | 0.8 | 0-1 | DEA over ROA, DoA, Cashflow ratio, current ratio |
| Farm net margin | Beef cattle and sheep beef | various | Scotland, UK | 131 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | CAP payments | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 121000 | 79000 | £/year | Output (inc subsidies) - variable costs - fixed costs - rent - labour - depreciation |
| Production cost | Laying hens | Various | the Netherlands | 132 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.06 | 1.25 | €/egg | |
| Farm revenue | Laying hens | Various | the Netherlands | 132 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.92 | 1.63 | €/egg | |
| technical efficiency | Dairy cattle | Various | Belgium | 133 | Economic efficiency (frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.93 | 0.79 | DEA | |
| gross margin | Dairy cattle | Various | Belgium | 133 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 14.8 | 11.4 | €/100 l ECM | - |
| gross margin | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 134 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | diseases | profitability | enterprise level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 66394 | 54638 | €/farm | FADN |
| value of production | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 11845 | 4766 | €/ha | output/land |
| value of production | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 135128 | 82275 | €/fte | output/labour |
| Value added | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.58 | 0.33 | % | (output-intermediate consumption)/output |
| Value added | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 5650 | 1970 | €/ha | (output-intermediate consumption)/land |
| Value added | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | value added | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 57009 | 30045 | €/fte | (output-intermediate consumption)/labour |
| Farm household income (profit margin) | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.53 | 0.27 | % | ebitda/output |
| Farm household income | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | farming system | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 172862 | 77933 | €/fte | ebitda + subsidies/labour |
| Subsidies independence | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | y | farming system | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.18 | 0.48 | % | subsidies/ebitda + subsidies |
| Farm business diversification | Dairy and beef cattle | Various | Italy | 135 | Diversification | Diversif | + | Farmer | y | farming system | diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.5 | 0.2 | Diversification Index (Gollop and Monahan 1991) | |
| Return per pig space unit | pigs | intensive indoor | Finland | 136 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | genetics | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 19.8 | 7.2 | €/pig space unit | revenue - piglet cost - feed cost |
| Gross operating surplus | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Belgium | 137 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | input self-sufficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 82028 | 71313 | €/ unpaid fte | Gross product (inc subsidies) - variable costs, fixed costs and salaries |
| Gross margin | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Belgium | 137 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | y | input self-sufficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 2381 | 1084 | €/ha | |
| Capital efficiency | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Belgium | 137 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | input self-sufficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.73 | 0.57 | % | gross operating surplus / gross product (with subsidies) |
| Economic efficiency | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Belgium | 137 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | y | input self-sufficiency | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.68 | 0.53 | % | value added / total capital (wo land) |
| Financial dependence | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Belgium | 137 | financial autonomy | External inputs | - | Farmer | y | input self-sufficiency | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.31 | 0.65 | % | annuities / gross operating surplus |
| Economic autonomy | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Belgium | 137 | financial autonomy | External inputs | Farmer | y | input self-sufficiency | autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.68 | 0.62 | % | 1 - intermediate consumption / gross product (wo subsidies) | |
| Weaner producer price index | Beef cattle and sheep beef | Various | Europe | 138 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Time | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 120 | 100 | laspeyres indexes | |
| Finished cattle producer price index | Beef cattle and sheep beef | Various | Europe | 138 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Time | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 105 | 80 | laspeyres indexes | |
| lamb producer price index | Beef cattle and sheep beef | Various | Europe | 138 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Time | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 120 | 95 | laspeyres indexes | |
| sheep producer price index | Beef cattle and sheep beef | Various | Europe | 138 | Price | Price | + | Farmer | n | Time | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 105 | 84 | laspeyres indexes | |
| Farm net income | All | Various | Europe | 139 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Country and livestock sector | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Farm net income - subsidies | All | Various | Europe | 139 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | y | Country and livestock sector | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | ||||
| Farm at risk | All | Various | UK | 140 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | Livestock sector | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0 | 1 | binary | subsidies/standard output |
| Pure temporary viability | Dairy cattle | Various | Germany, France, UK, the Netherlands, Poland, Italy, Ireland, Spain, Denmark and Belgium | 141 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | n | Country and year | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 1.2 | 0.8 | TO/(variable costs + fixed costs + depreciation + taxes + external factors + op cost of labour) | |
| Subsidized temprorary viability | Dairy cattle | Various | Germany, France, UK, the Netherlands, Poland, Italy, Ireland, Spain, Denmark and Belgium | 141 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | n | Country and year | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 1.4 | 0.9 | TO+subsidies/(variable costs + fixed costs + depreciation + taxes + external factors + op cost of labour) | |
| pure permanent viability | Dairy cattle | Various | Germany, France, UK, the Netherlands, Poland, Italy, Ireland, Spain, Denmark and Belgium | 141 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | n | Country and year | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 7 | 2 | TO+assets/(variable costs + fixed costs + depreciation + taxes + external factors + op cost of labour+liabilities) | |
| Subsidized permanent viability | Dairy cattle | Various | Germany, France, UK, the Netherlands, Poland, Italy, Ireland, Spain, Denmark and Belgium | 141 | Viability | Viability | + | Farmer | n | Country and year | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 8 | 2 | TO+assets+subsidies/(variable costs + fixed costs + depreciation + taxes + external factors + op cost of labour+liabilities) | |
| Absolute anomaly of farm income | All | Various | UK | 142 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Livestock sector, farming practices and diversification | durability and diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 77 | 150 | £/ha | FI-FI 5 years rolling mean |
| Relative anomaly of farm income | All | Various | UK | 142 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Livestock sector, farming practices and diversification | durability and diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.36 | 0.45 | FI-FI 5 years rolling mean / mean | |
| SD of farm income | All | Various | UK | 142 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Livestock sector, farming practices and diversification | durability and diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 112 | 190 | £/ha | SD |
| Relative SD of farm income | All | Various | UK | 142 | Income variability | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Livestock sector, farming practices and diversification | durability and diversification | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 0.49 | 0.59 | SD/mean | |
| Compliance costs | Pigs | Various | Germany | 143 | Compliance costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Fertilization regulations | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0.42 | 2.32 | €/pig | Total cost of complying (increase of costs + decrease in revenue + investment) / output |
| Gross investment | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor and intensive grazing | Ireland, the Netherlands | 144 | Investment | Investment | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 116800 | 26941 | € | Assets + livestock change | |
| Debt to assets ratio | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor and intensive grazing | Ireland, the Netherlands | 144 | Debt to assets ratio | Solvency | Farmer | n | Country | Durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.13 | 0.3 | % | ||
| Support rate | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor and intensive grazing | Ireland, the Netherlands | 144 | Subsidies | Subsidies | - | Farmer | n | Country | Autonomy | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.07 | 0.13 | % | subsidies/output |
| Output/input ratio | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor and intensive grazing | Ireland, the Netherlands | 144 | Economic efficiency (non frontier analysis) | Efficiency | + | Farmer | n | Country | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1.26 | 1.25 | output/cash expense | |
| net operating income | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor and intensive grazing | Ireland, the Netherlands | 144 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 1291 | 661 | €/ha | ouput-cash expense/ha |
| net operating income | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor and intensive grazing | Ireland, the Netherlands | 144 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 40801 | 24630 | €/fte | ouput-cash expense/ha |
| net operating income | Dairy cattle | intensive indoor and intensive grazing | Ireland, the Netherlands | 144 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Country | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.03 | 0.03 | % | ouput-cash expense/net worth |
| Cash flow | Beef cattle | Various | Czechia | 145 | cash flow | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | Durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 2000 | 800 | € | |
| Aggregated cash flow | Beef cattle | Various | Czechia | 145 | cash flow | Liquidity | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | Profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 600000 | 300000 | € | |
| Cash flow to cash flow fom beef production | Beef cattle | Various | Czechia | 145 | Diversification | Diversif | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | Diversification | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 3.2 | 1.02 | ||
| Compliance costs | Dairy cattle and pigs | Various | Germany | 146 | Compliance costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Fertilization regulations | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0 | 0.75 | €/pig | Total cost of complying (increase of costs + decrease in revenue + investment) / output |
| Compliance costs | Dairy cattle and pigs | Various | Germany | 146 | Compliance costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Fertilization regulations | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 0 | 0.004 | €/kg of ECM | Total cost of complying (increase of costs + decrease in revenue + investment) / output |
| Net profit | Dairy and beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | France | 147 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Diversification | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 45000 | 39000 | €/year | Output (inc susbsidies) - operating costs - depreciation |
| Mean local sensitivity Index | Dairy and beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | France | 147 | Mean local sensitivity Index | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Diversification | durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 0.4 | 1 | ||
| Global sensitivity index | Dairy and beef cattle | Semi-extensive grazing | France | 147 | Global sensitivity index | Resilience | - | Farmer | n | Diversification | durability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | panel | 1 | 2 | ||
| Total debt | All | Various | Europe | 148 | Total debt | Solvency | Farmer | n | Subsidies, size, external factors, assets structure | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 22897 | 15000 | € | ||
| short-term debt | All | Various | Europe | 148 | short-term debt | Solvency | Farmer | n | Subsidies, size, external factors, assets structure | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 20434 | 12000 | € | ||
| Long-term debt | All | Various | Europe | 148 | Long-term debt | Solvency | Farmer | n | Subsidies, size, external factors, assets structure | durability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | panel | 2518 | 2000 | € | ||
| Net profit | Dairy cattle | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 149 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | environmental impact | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 93000 | 69000 | € | output (wo subsidies) - operating costs - overheads |
| Total farm receipts | sheep meat | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 150 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Genetics and country | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 1672 | 1457 | €/ha | |
| Gross margin | sheep meat | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 150 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Genetics and country | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 809 | 595 | €/ha | |
| Total farm costs | sheep meat | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 150 | Total costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Genetics and country | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 1104 | 1103 | €/ha | |
| Farm net profit | sheep meat | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 150 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Genetics and country | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 514 | 299 | €/ha | |
| Net profit | sheep meat | Intensive grazing | Ireland | 150 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | Genetics and country | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 1.8 | 1.3 | €/kg carcass | |
| revenue | sheep meat | semi-extensive grazing | Bulgaria | 151 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | Size | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 445 | 218 | €/ewe | |
| total costs | sheep meat | semi-extensive grazing | Bulgaria | 151 | Total Costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | Size | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 317 | 237 | €/ewe | |
| Profit before subsidies | sheep meat | semi-extensive grazing | Bulgaria | 151 | gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Size | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 135 | -75 | €/ewe | |
| Profit after subsidies | sheep meat | semi-extensive grazing | Bulgaria | 151 | gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | Size | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 127 | 30 | €/ewe | |
| Profitability | sheep meat | semi-extensive grazing | Bulgaria | 151 | Profit | Income | + | Farmer | n | Size | profitability | farm level | y | n | post | calculation | Cross-sectional | 0.57 | 0.23 | % | |
| Gross output | beef cattle | Intensive grazing | ireland | 152 | Revenue | Productivity | + | Farmer | n | diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 59800 | 59600 | € | |
| Total variable costs | beef cattle | Intensive grazing | ireland | 152 | Variable costs | Costs | - | Farmer | n | diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 25300 | 25400 | € | |
| Gross margin | beef cattle | Intensive grazing | ireland | 152 | Gross margin | Income | + | Farmer | n | diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 34480 | 34080 | € | |
| Net margin | beef cattle | Intensive grazing | ireland | 152 | Farm net income | Income | + | Farmer | n | diseases | profitability | farm level | y | n | ante | modelling | Cross-sectional | 14160 | 13600 | € |